Taiwan's Legal Status: An Overview of the San Francisco Peace Treaty

台灣的法律地位:舊金山和平條約概觀

Article VI of the U.S. Constitution provides that:

美國憲法第六條規定:

This Constitution, and the Laws of the United States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made, or which shall be made, under the Authority of the United States, shall be the supreme Law of the Land . . . . .
本憲法和根據本憲法所制定的合眾國法律,以及根據合眾國的權力已締結或將締結的一切條約,皆為全國的最高法律…..

SFPT: Article 3 and Annotations

舊金山和約:第三條和注釋

Article 3
第三條
Japan will concur in any proposal of the United States to the United Nations to place under its trusteeship system, with the United States as the sole administering authority, Nansei Shoto south of 29 deg. north latitude (including the Ryukyu Islands and the Daito Islands), Nanpo Shoto south of Sofu Gan (including the Bonin Islands, Rosario Island and the Volcano Islands) and Parece Vela and Marcus Island. Pending the making of such a proposal and affirmative action thereon, the United States will have the right to exercise all and any powers of administration, legislation and jurisdiction over the territory and inhabitants of these islands, including their territorial waters.
日本同意美國對北緯29度以南之西南群島(含琉球群島與大東群島),孀婦岩南方之南方各島(含小笠原群島、西之與火山群島),和衝之鳥島以及南鳥島等地送交聯合國之信託統治制度提議。在此提案獲得通過之前,美國對上述地區,所屬居民與所屬海域得擁有實際行政、立法、司法之權利。

ANNOTATIONS to Article 3
第三條注解
According to Article 4(b), the Article 3 territory which we may collectively call the "Ryukyu island group" and the Article 2(b) territory of "Formosa and the Pescadores" (aka "Taiwan") are both under the jurisdiction of the United States Military Government (USMG).
根據第4條(b)的規定,第3條中我們可統稱為“琉球群島”之領土以及第2條(b)的“福爾摩沙及澎湖”(亦稱為“台灣”)之領土,兩者都置於美國軍事政府(USMG)管轄之下。

Article 3 territory is to be administered as a United Nations trusteeship under the jurisdiction of USMG. However, under the terms of the treaty, with no formal trusteeship agreement in place by the UN, Taiwan is simply a quasi-trusteeship under USMG.
第3條領土是作為美國軍事政府管轄下的「聯合國託管區」來管理。然而,根據和約條款內容,台灣因為沒有正式的聯合國託管協議在案,就僅是一個美國軍事政府下的準託管區。

"Military government continues until legally supplanted."
“軍事政府一直持續到被合法的取代為止。”(意思是要被 “承認的民政府” 取代。)

After negotiations with Japan, the end of USMG in the Ryukyu island group” was announced by President Nixon to be May 15, 1972 – some twenty years after the coming into force of the SFPT itself.
與日本談判後,尼克松總統於1972年5月15日,即舊金山和約生效二十年後,宣佈結束在琉球群島的美國軍事政府(USMG)。

Contrastingly, from 1952 to date, there has been no announcement of the end of USMG jurisdiction over Taiwan.
與此相反地,從1952至今,一直沒有宣佈結束美國軍事政府對台灣的管轄。


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You may download a copy of this entire essay in Powerpoint for your own reference.
(English 英文) See -- https://www.twdefense.info/usa/hist/pages/sfpt/SFPT-1952.pptx
請 下 載 全 文 的Powerpoint (簡 報 軟 體) 版 本 以 供 參 考
(Chinese 中文) 請查看 -- https://www.twdefense.info/histch/pages/sfpt/SFPT-ch1952.pptx

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